Javanese alphabet

Javanese alphabet, also known as hanacaraka and Carakan, is one of the traditional characters used to write Javanese languages and several language in Indonesian regions.

Contemporary forms of Javanese alphabet  was created in the era of Mataram empire at the 17th century, and its print form appearing in the 19th century. Since World War II, its use has decreased and is now more common Java language written with the Latin alphabet. Java Alphabet has been added in Unicode version 5.2 in 2009. But, the complexity of Java alphabet causes difficulties to rendering in a standard computer, and only the SIL Graphite technology on certain programs that can properly display. Lack of comfort in the use of Java alphabet makes use of the digital environment is not so wide.

Hindu-Buddhist period

Javanese and Balinese alphabet is a modern variant of the Kawi alphabet, which evolved from the Brahmi script and Pallava script which was used by the ancient Javanese society. This alphabet was used mainly to write Sanskrit translation, the literature of the time is also written with Kawi. This alphabet then transitioning into writing Java during the Hindu-Buddhist period.

Javanese Kawi alphabet and actually similar, both have the same orthography, as written without spaces, pairs to write consonant clusters, etc.. The difference lies in the form of letters, but the division is not so clear as the inalphabetions of the time tends to vary greatly from one region to another. Early Javanese Kawi alphabet and also have basic literacy (nglegena) is much more, as well as letters murda mahaprana not distinguished as it is now, and represents a unique sound in Sanskrit. Java alphabet is compiled during phonetically, by setting Panini, and the basis in the preparation of Javanese alphabet in Unicode.

 Islamic period

This period lasted roughly from the time of the Sultanate of Demak to Pajang end, and text from the past can be represented by the fiber and fiber Ajisaka Wujil Suluk. At this time, introduced hanacaraka pangram order to facilitate the binding of 20 consonants used in the Java language. It should be noted that the alphabet murda and mahaprana not included in the sequence. This is because letters represent sounds mahaprana murda and that does not exist in the original Java language and more function in Sanskrit translation, because it uses decreased since the introduction of Islam. But both of the font is retained for spelling.

This period was also marked by the discovery alphabet to associate Arabic loanwords, which began broadcasting is widely used in line with Islam in the archipelago. In the 17th century, writing Java has been known as Carakan.

Colonial Period

In 1926, a workshop on Sriwedari, Surakarta produce Wewaton Sriwedari (Decree Sriwedari), which provides the basic foundation for the writing, spelling, and orthographic uniform. One important change is the reduction of the provision punctuation taling-fighting. It should be noted, vowel / o / and / ɔ / (o Java) often appear in the Java language, but punctuation is considered inefficient because it needs to be written before and after the base consonant. Stipulated that only the vowel / o / that need to be written by taling-fight while the vowel / ɔ / can switch places with / a / as a vowel

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